Jurnal JTIK (Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi)
Jurnal JTIK (Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi), e-ISSN: 2580-1643, is a free and open-access journal published by the Lembaga Komunitas Informasi Teknologi Aceh (KITA), Indonesia. The JTIK Journal encourages groundbreaking research in data processing, software development, artificial intelligence, algorithm analysis, and the application of information and communication technology across various sectors. In the field of Computer Science, the journal welcomes studies on computational modeling, application development, cyber security, and computer networks. Meanwhile, in the field of Communication Studies, the JTIK Journal emphasizes research on mass communication, social media, human-technological interactions, and the social and cultural implications of information and communication technology. Other pertinent topics include the use of information technology in marketing campaigns, the role of technology in media transformation, and data-driven analysis of consumer behavior. To submit your article to Jurnal JTIK (Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi) ; You have to Register or Login to submit your or. You can access the manuscript format from the author guidelines. Download Template (English), Template (Indonesia)
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Sistem Pengenalan Citra Dokumen Teks Terdistorsi menjadi Teks Menggunakan Metode Deep Learning
A common issue in document image processing is the inability of OCR systems to accurately read text from blurred images. This study aims to develop a deep learning-based OCR pipeline capable of recognizing text in blurred document images. The process begins with image enhancement using the DnCNN model for deblurring, followed by character segmentation and classification of A–Z characters using a CNN trained on the EMNIST Letters dataset. The recognized characters are then reconstructed into complete text. Experiments were conducted on 300 blurred images with varying levels of blur (low, medium, and high). Evaluation using PSNR and SSIM metrics showed improvements in image quality, with an average PSNR of 29,56 dB and SSIM of 0.89. Furthermore, the character classification accuracy reached 95.64%. Compared to the baseline (direct Tesseract OCR without deblurring), the proposed system showed a significant improvement in text readability. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of CNN-based approaches in enhancing OCR performance on blurred document images.
Copyright (c) 2026 Talenta Teholi Zalukhu, Agustinus Rudatyo Himamunanto, Haeni Budiati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strategi Portal Media Berita Online Beritajatim.com Dalam Memperluas Audiens
The high growth of internet usage has resulted in a shift in the way people access and consume news. This condition encourages competition between online media in capturing the attention and tastes of the audience. This study aims to analyze Beritajatim.com's strategy in expanding its audience reach amidst the dynamics of the digital media industry. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a SWOT and STPD analysis approach to identify internal and external factors that influence Beritajatim.com's position as a news portal. Data analysis techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study revealed that audience expansion is an important strategic step for Beritajatim.com, due to the high level of competition, changes in reader tastes, audience fragmentation, and declining revenue. This encourages Beritajatim.com to implement a media convergence strategy as an adaptive step. This strategy is realized through podcast production, content variety, and content distribution across digital platforms to reach a wider audience.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pelangi Nerisa Arfina, Windri Saifudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Terpaan Pemberitaan Timnas Sepak Bola Indonesia terhadap Tingkat Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) pada Pengikut Akun Instagram @timnasindonesia
This study aims to determine the effect of exposure to news on the Instagram account @timnasindonesia on the level of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) in its followers. FoMO is a psychological condition in which individuals feel anxious or worried about missing out on important information that occurs around them, especially in the context of social media. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method on 100 respondents who are active followers of the @timnasindonesia account. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling with certain criteria. The research instrument was compiled in the form of a questionnaire using a Likert scale that includes three indicators on the exposure variable (frequency, duration, attention) and three indicators on the FoMO variable (fear, worry, anxiety). Data assistance analysis was carried out using a simple linear regression test with IBM SPSS Statistics 29. The results showed that there was a positive and significant effect between news exposure on FoMO with a regression coefficient value of 0.556, t count of 4.414, and a significance value <0.001. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.166 shows that 16.6% of the variation in FoMO can be explained by the news exposure variable.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kimyatun Nafisah, Sumardjijati Sumardjijati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Kasus Korupsi Tom Lembong dalam Bingkai Media Online Antaranews.com dan Tempo.co
This study analyzes the framing of news coverage on the alleged corruption case involving Tom Lembong related to the 2015 sugar import policy, as reported by Antaranews.com and Tempo.co. The case drew attention because it involved a political figure in opposition to the government, raising suspicions of legal politicization ahead of the 2024 elections. This research aims to examine how both media outlets framed the case. Antaranews.com and Tempo.co were chosen due to different ownership structures: Antaranews.com is state-owned under BUMN, while Tempo.co is privately and publicly owned. The study uses Robert Entman’s framing analysis model, covering four elements: define problems, diagnose causes, make moral judgments, and treatment recommendations. The findings are connected to Michel Foucault’s theory of power relations. News articles were collected using the keyword “Tom Lembong” from October 29 to November 30, 2024, yielding 51 articles from Antaranews.com and 154 from Tempo.co. These were further filtered by stages of the case: suspect naming, political responses, pretrial & alleged politicization, and pretrial rejection. From this, 5 articles from Antaranews.com and 6 from Tempo.co were selected as the most representative. The results show clear differences. Antaranews.com emphasizes the legality of the Attorney General’s actions, supports the legitimacy of the legal process, and relies on official sources. Meanwhile, Tempo.co frames the case more critically, questioning the legal process and highlighting broader political narratives. These differences reflect power relations that influence media framing according to ownership.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eric Raynaldo Handy Saputra, Hanna Nurhaqiqi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wacana Kebijakan Pengampunan Koruptor dalam Bingkai Media Online Tempo.co dan Metrotvnews.com Periode 19-31 Desember 2024
As the country’s top leader, it is common that Prabowo has become a central figure in the public eye. Recently, one of Prabowo’s statements has sparked public discussion and is considered controversial. The statement in question is his expression of willingness to forgive corruptors, provided they return the stolen assets. Many people have linked the discourse with the image of fake heroism that has been associated with Prabowo since the beginning of his presidency. The construction of this image is influenced, in part, by the role of the media. Tempo.co and Metrotvnews.com are among the online news portals that reported on the discourse surrounding the amnesty policy for corruptors. This research employs Robert N. Entman’s framing analysis model to examine how Tempo.co and Metrotvnews.com frame the discourse. The research object selected consisted of news articles on the discourse of an amnesty policy for corruptors, published between 19 and 31 December 2024 with 6 articles from Tempo.co and 5 articles of Metrotvnews.com. Tempo.co tends to citicize Prabowo’s statement and does not support the realization of the proposed policy of granting clemency corruptors. Meanwhile Metrotvnews.com presents the policy discourse more favorably, potraying it as an effective approach to recovering state assets.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mahisa Gesty Anggasani, Hanna Nurhaqiqi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wacana Eldest Daughter Syndrome dalam Tagar #anakperempuanpertama di TikTok
This study aims to analyze the discourse of eldest daughter syndrome in TikTok contents using the hashtag #anakperempuanpertama. Employing Rodney H. Jones’s digital discourse analysis method, the research explores four key elements: text, context, action and interaction, ideology and power. The findings reveal that the content predominantly represents emotional burden, loneliness, and gendered responsibilities experienced by firstborn daughters. The narratives are highly personal and affective, amplified by digital interactions such as likes, comments, saves, and shares. TikTok’s algorithm plays an active role in promoting emotionally charged content, contributing to the wider circulation of the discourse. Consequently, the hashtag #anakperempuanpertama serves as a digital space form women to negotiate their identity and voice their lived experiences within patriarchal cultural in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fika Amalia Putri Eko Fandi, Saifudin Zuhri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Komunikasi Interpersonal Ayah dan Anak Perempuan dalam Konteks Kesehatan Reproduksi
This study aims to understand the dynamics of interpersonal communication between fathers and daughters regarding reproductive health issues. This issue is important given the limited involvement of fathers in reproductive health education. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a case study method, involving nine pairs of fathers and daughters (aged 14–18) who live in the same household. Data were collected through in-depth interviews to explore the experiences, strategies, and communication barriers that arise. The results indicate that interpersonal communication between fathers and daughters about reproductive health is often hindered by gender differences, societal taboos, and the dominant role of mothers. However, the use of open and empathy-based communication strategies proves effective in fostering openness. Daughters’ positive perceptions of their fathers’ involvement are influenced by the fathers’ supportive and nonjudgmental attitudes. These findings highlight the important role of fathers in reproductive health communication in shaping daughters’ comprehensive understanding and preparedness for puberty.
Copyright (c) 2026 Chiara Fuadiyatul Athifah, Zainal Abidin Achmad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Wacana Digital Cancel Culture terhadap Abidzar dalam Konten YouTube Cokro TV
This study examines the phenomenon of cancel culture in the Indonesian film industry through a case study of actor Abidzar Al-Ghifari and the controversy surrounding the film A Business Proposal. The controversy arose from Abidzar’s statement during a press conference, which was perceived as belittling the original Korean drama, triggering negative reactions in digital spaces. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using Rodney H. Jones’s Digital Discourse Analysis method, which includes four elements: text, context, action and interaction, and power and ideology. Data were collected from a YouTube video by Cokro TV titled “Gegara Kesombongan Abidzar, Falcon Rugi Bandar! featuring Ade Armando” and its comment section. The findings reveal that cancel culture functions as a form of social expression, with netizens acting as moral gatekeepers in digital spaces. The discourse reflects the power dynamics between public figures and digital society, who collectively construct legitimacy through social media. This phenomenon significantly affects reputation, career, and the continuity of film projects.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Rizqi Raihan Bakir, Hanna Nurhaqiqi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Resepsi Penonton terhadap Hubungan Ibu dan Anak pada Film "Our Season"
"Our Season" is a South Korean family fantasy drama film that presents the complexity of the emotional relationship between mother and child. This study aims to examine how the audience constructs the meaning of the mother-child relationship depicted in the film. With a qualitative approach and using Stuart Hall's reception analysis theory, this study explores various meanings from five informants. The results show that openness is understood as a form of selective honesty, while the mother-child relationship in the film is understood as a relationship full of wounds and openness is understood as the result of wounds of regret. Informants in the Dominant Hegemony position accept the film's message in its entirety and emphasize the importance of a mother's hierarchical values. Meanwhile, informants in the Negotiation position agree with some of the film's messages, but doubt its application in real life. Meanwhile, informants in the Opposition position reject the values conveyed by the film, considering it too biased towards children, and not highlighting parental responsibility enough. These findings demonstrate how personal experiences shape interpretations of family representations in the media, particularly in the context of emotional communication between mothers and children.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elsawati Suwandi, Syifa Syarifah Alamiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Studi Etnografi Virtual terhadap Gaya Bahasa Sarkasme Pemain Mobile Legends pada Komunitas Team RRQ Official di Discord
This study investigates the use of sarcastic language by Mobile Legends players in the Team RRQ Official Discord community and its effects on social interaction. Employing a qualitative virtual ethnography method, data were gathered through participant observation and in-depth interviews with eight active members. The study applies Gorys Keraf’s theory of sarcasm and Johanna Maren Hjelle Olsen Olsen’s indicators such as self-contradiction, hyperbolic combinations, sentimental contradiction, and manner violation. A total of 41 sarcastic utterances were found, dominated by irony over mockery. Sarcasm was used to express critique, disappointment, or humor, but also triggered emotional tension and conflict. The findings reveal that sarcasm is not merely spontaneous expression, but a deliberate communicative strategy within competitive virtual communities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dea Rahmanda Putri, Zainal Abidin Achmad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Budaya Komunitas Virtual Indonesia Book Party di Media Sosial Instagram (Studi Etnografi Virtual Komunitas @Indobookparty di Instagram)
This study examines the culture of the Indonesia Book Party community through the @indobookparty Instagram account using Christine Hine’s virtual ethnography method. Data were collected through virtual observation, in-depth online interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using four levels: media space, media archive, media object, and experiential stories. At the media space level, Instagram is used to share activities and shape identity. Most members use their main accounts, while some use second accounts to maintain privacy, reflecting Wood & Smith’s identity theory. The account is managed to encourage open and equal interaction, in line with Gane & Beer’s interactivity theory. At the media archive level, identity is shown through visuals, emojis, and unique language. At the media object level, interaction is active through feeds, stories, and DMs, with both secondary and circular communication patterns. At the experiential stories level, the community reflects values of openness and togetherness, both online and offline, showing that online culture reflects real-life connections.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yuki Amalia Prasetyo Putri, Aulia Rahmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Nilai Sustainability dan Women Empowerment dalam Akun Instagram @rubicommunity sebagai Kampanye Brand Avoskin
This study aims to analyze the values of sustainability and women empowerment in Instagram @rubicommunity content. The method used is content analysis with a descriptive quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 89 contents selected using a systematic random sampling technique for the period January 2021 – April 2025. The results showed that the value of women empowerment was more dominant with 44 content or 49%, while the value of sustainability appeared in 29 content or 33%. The value of women's empowerment is raised through two categories of self-development and psychosocial support, while sustainability is present in three categories, namely education and real environmental action, social involvement and community responsibility (CSR), and access to social networks and community support. Avoskin's campaign strategy through the RUBI community shows the brand's consistency in conveying social and environmental messages simultaneously through social media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Andini Amalia Azroh, Ratih Pandu Mustikasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Komunikasi dan Pemberdayaan: Strategi Komunitas WEPOSE Surabaya dalam Memberdayakan Anak Marginal
This study aims to explore the communication strategy implemented by the WEPOSE Community in Surabaya for empowering marginalized children. The analysis refers to Hafied Cangara’s five stages of communication strategy which include research, plan, execute, measure, and report. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through in-depth interviews with community organizers. The findings indicate that WEPOSE applies a systematic communication strategy supported by participatory and dialogic communication approaches that actively involve children and the surrounding community in every stage of the program. The empowerment initiatives include educational activities such as regular learning sessions and social programs like parenting support, youth training, free health check-ups, educational tours, and social campaigns. This strategy has proven effective in enhancing children's knowledge, character, and social participation. The study recommends strengthening participatory communication as a key foundation for successful empowerment programs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fikrin Najib, Dyva Claretta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Penerimaan Gen Milenial tentang Toleransi Beragama pada Video "Loe Lihat Nih Login!! Ini Indonesia Bung!! 6 Pemuka Agama Jadi Satu di Lebaran!! – Jafar" di Kanal YouTube Deddy Corbuzier
The development of digital technology had reached the millennial generation, who were actively engaged online, although they remained vulnerable to provocative narratives, especially those related to religion-based identity politics. However, digital media also served as a positive platform, as seen in Login Season 2 Episode 30, which presented interfaith dialogue in a relaxed and communicative manner. This study examined how the millennial generation received the message of religious tolerance in the video, using Stuart Hall’s Encoding-Decoding Theory and a qualitative method through reception analysis. The results showed that most millennials were in the Dominant Hegemonic position, accepting the message of tolerance conveyed, although some were in the Negotiated position, believing that the content did not fully reflect the current social reality. The content proved to be acceptable to millennials because it was delivered in a way that aligned with their characteristics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Paramayuda Satria Oktialam, Syafrida N. Febriyanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Pada Film Bolehkah Sekali Saja Kumenangis 2024: Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Van Dijk
The issue of domestic violence in Indonesia has a high number of cases, so it is often raised in a film. This study analyzes the discourse of domestic violence in the film "Bolehkah Sekali Saja Kumenangis (2024)" using Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis (qualitative descriptive), with data from documentation, filmmaker interviews, and literature studies. The results on the text dimension show the patriarchy of perpetrators and cycles of violence, as well as the diverse responses and impacts of victims, ranging from passive to active resistance to breaking the chain of violence. The dimension of social cognition reveals the influence of social cognition, ranging from voicing issues, presenting heroes, to patriarchal culture. The social context dimension links the film to the reality of domestic violence in Indonesia, such as high unreported cases and reporting barriers (stigma, patriarchy, isolation, cycle of violence). This film discusses the importance of women's awareness and courage against domestic violence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Annisa Zahrani Fahira Naafita Sari, Syafrida Nurrachmi Febriyanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Korupsi dan Gaya Satire pada YouTube Meet Nite Live
This study explores how corruption discourse is constructed in the Meet Nite Live talk show broadcasted on Metro TV’s YouTube channel, using Rodney H. Jones’ Digital Discourse Analysis approach. One episode was analyzed through four key elements: text, context, action and interaction, as well as ideology and power. The findings reveal that satire, through irony, humor, and parody, serves as a strategic method to deliver sharp yet engaging political criticism. In the context of digital media, audiences actively respond via comments—expressing support, frustration, or critical reflection. The show also constructs a narrative that normalizes corruption as a systemic issue, while still inviting public awareness through creative and participatory communication strategies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wikan Arum Pakerti, Dyva Claretta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Konstruksi Safe Space Di Media Sosial (Analisis Wacana Digital Tentang Safe Space di Komunitas Ohmybeautybank Pada Media Sosial X)
This study examines how the discourse of safe space is constructed by the women's community OhMyBeautyBank on the social media platform X. Utilizing Rodney H. Jones’ digital discourse analysis approach, the research explores aspects of text, context, interaction, as well as ideology and power. The study highlights the community’s reactions to external threats in the form of digital sexual harassment, which emerged following a call from external accounts to “scout” female users within the community. Findings reveal that the community constructs a safe space through emotional expression, member solidarity, labeling outsiders as predators, and calls for mutual protection. This study concludes that the OhMyBeautyBank digital community functions not only as a space for sharing but also as a site of resistance against patriarchal power within the open ecosystem of social media. Through solidarity and strategic language use, they create an alternative safe space capable of responding to gender-based threats in a collective and reflective.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kurnia Nur Khasanah, Syafrida Nurrachmi Febriyanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Representasi Post Traumatic Stress Disorder dalam Film Berbalas Kejam (Analisis Semiotika John Fiske)
Films are not only a medium of entertainment, but also reflect social and psychological issues in society. Film Berbalas Kejam (2023) raises the issue of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) through the main character named Adam, a victim of violence and a witness to the murder of his wife and child who experienced deep trauma for two years. The study aims to determine how PTSD is represented in this film. The approach used is John Fiske's semiotics, which includes levels of reality, representation, and ideology. The results of the study show that PTSD in the film is represented through 31 scenes that display symptoms such as re-experiencing symptoms, avoidance symptoms, arousal and reactivity symptoms, and cognition and mood symptoms. Cinematic elements such as dark lighting, silent space, and close-up camera composition strengthen the representation of psychological trauma. Ideologically, this film raises criticism of the system that passively handles victims as a whole, and shows a tendency towards vigilantism as a result of untreated trauma. This research is crucial for understanding how popular media, particularly films, can shape public perceptions of mental health and violence. The findings can also open up discussions about the importance of ethical and accurate representation of psychological conditions in audiovisual media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sheilla Putri Ariyanti, Aulia Rahmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strategi Pemasaran Potokita di TikTok untuk Meningkatkan Kesadaran Merek
This study explores the social media marketing strategy of Potokita Self Studio through the TikTok platform in building brand engagement. The research problem focuses on how content strategies influence audience interaction and loyalty. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through in-depth interviews with internal stakeholders (owner, content creator, content planner, social media admin) and external users (followers), along with direct observation of the @potokitaselfstudio account. The findings show that Potokita applies a four-pillar strategy based on the Circular Model of SOME (Share, Optimize, Manage, Engage). These strategies include storytelling content creation, insight-based scheduling, structured account management, and interactive engagement such as challenges and giveaways. The study concludes that Potokita’s approach successfully builds emotional connections and enhances audience participation, offering an effective model for digital marketing in small creative businesses.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ananda Rizqi Firmansyah, Saifuddin Zuhri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementasi Desain Responsif untuk Website UMKM dengan Bootstrap 5.0 (Studi Kasus: Chovan Seserahan)
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in driving digital economic growth in Indonesia. However, many MSME actors have yet to fully utilize website technology as a medium for promotion and customer interaction. Chovan Seserahan, an MSME engaged in wedding gift decoration services, faces challenges related to its website's lack of responsiveness across different devices. This study aims to design a responsive landing page by implementing the Bootstrap framework version 5.0. The research adopts the Research and Development (R&D) method, which includes stages of needs analysis, interface design, implementation, and evaluation through heuristic testing and user trials. Bootstrap was chosen due to its mobile-first approach and its provision of adaptive and efficient user interface components. The evaluation results show significant improvements in navigation comfort, page loading speed, and visual consistency across multiple devices. Heuristic testing conducted by three validators yielded a feasibility score of 95.76%, indicating that the design quality and user experience are in the “highly feasible” category. In addition, user feedback revealed a positive shift in content accessibility and presentation. These findings demonstrate that implementing a Bootstrap-based responsive design is effective in enhancing user interface quality and strengthening the digital presence of MSMEs. Therefore, this approach offers a strategic solution to support the sustainable digital transformation of MSMEs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Salma Eka Febriyan, Dewi Handayani Untari Ningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Membangun Citra Pemerintah melalui Media Sosial: Strategi Komunikasi Pemprov Lampung di Era Digital
The development of information and communication technology has encouraged local governments to utilize social media as a strategic tool for delivering information, building a positive image, and establishing two-way communication with the public. This study aims to analyze the digital communication strategies implemented by the Provincial Government of Lampung in shaping a responsive and transparent government image in the digital era. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques including direct observation of the official social media accounts of the Provincial Government of Lampung, in-depth interviews with three key informants from the social media management team at the Department of Communication, Informatics, and Statistics, as well as documentation of uploaded digital content. The findings show that the Lampung Provincial Government actively produces and distributes informative and educational content, including government agendas, regional policies, and local cultural promotion. The content is presented in engaging visual formats, such as infographics and short videos, tailored to reach younger audiences. During one month of observation, the Instagram account @lampungprovgoid recorded 209,406 impressions, 5,089 interactions, and an increase of 395 new followers. Strategy evaluation is conducted through media analytics tools, public sentiment analysis, and regular issue monitoring. Although the strategy has shown positive results, challenges such as the spread of hoaxes, negative comments, limited human resources, and the influence of social media algorithms remain obstacles. Overall, the digital communication strategy of the Lampung Provincial Government has proven effective in strengthening public trust and building a government image that is open, modern, and adaptive.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sierta Putri Nurika, Nina Yudha Aiyanti, Nanda Utaridah, Tina Kartika, Purwanto Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Aktivitas Layanan Digital Lembaga Polri dalam Memberi Informasi kepada Masyarakat (Studi Kasus di Kota Depok)
This study examines the effectiveness of the Indonesian National Police’s (Polri) digital services in Depok City, focusing on information dissemination, implementation challenges, and public perceptions. Using a qualitative case study approach with interviews, observations, and documentation, the findings reveal that Polri's digital services have improved communication, accelerated information delivery, and simplified administrative access. However, challenges remain, including limited infrastructure, low digital literacy among some groups, insufficient personnel skills, and poor system integration. While public perception is generally positive especially among younger users elderly and marginalized communities still face access barriers. The study concludes that although Polri’s digital transformation shows promise, further improvements in infrastructure, human resources, and inclusive outreach are needed to ensure equitable and effective public service.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maringan Nainggolan, Erman Anom https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Komparatif Kinerja Algoritma Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan LightGBM untuk Klasifikasi Penyakit Jantung
Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, making early detection and accurate classification essential to mitigating greater health risks. This study presents a comparative analysis of two machine learning algorithms Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) for heart disease classification. The dataset used is the UCI Heart Disease dataset, comprising 920 patient records. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. Experimental results indicate that the SVM model achieved the highest accuracy at 84%, along with an F1-score of 86% for the positive class and a recall of 92%. In contrast, LightGBM demonstrated balanced performance, achieving 83% accuracy and an F1-score of 85%. These findings suggest that SVM holds a slight advantage in identifying heart disease cases, particularly in minimizing false negatives an aspect that is critical yet often overlooked in prior comparative studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muzakkir Pangri, Muhammad Yusuf, Indah Purnama Sari, Waode Faizah Zahra N https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Peran Vital Instagram dalam Mitigasi Krisis Kepercayaan Label Halal UMKM
The halal label is an important factor in purchasing decisions. Communication crises related to halal labeling, which can affect consumer trust, often appear on social media. One real example is the case of Ayam Goreng Widuran Solo, which in 2024, was involved in a controversy after it was revealed that their products used non-halal ingredients, causing confusion and concern among Muslim consumers. This case quickly went viral on social media, affecting the reputation of this long-established restaurant and triggering a significant decline in sales and customer trust. Therefore, a responsive and transparent crisis communication strategy is needed to overcome the negative impact and restore reputation. This study uses a qualitative method that analyzes how UMKM, especially Ayam Goreng Widuran Solo, optimize social media as a crisis communication tool in dealing with the issue of halal labeling. This study combines crisis communication studies with the use of digital platforms, identifying best practices and challenges faced by UMKM in responding to reputation crises in the digital era. The results of the study indicate the importance of a deep understanding of social media algorithms that can influence public perception, as well as the organization's ability to manage communications with timely and accurate responses.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Fara Pramadhanti, Fitria Ayuningtyas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Algoritma Machine Learning untuk Prediksi Parameter Flue Gas pada PLTU Batubara: Studi Literatur 2019–2024
Improving combustion efficiency and reducing flue gas emissions in coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) have become critical priorities amid growing global pressure to mitigate the environmental impact of the energy sector. Machine learning (ML) has demonstrated strong potential in predicting flue gas parameters, yet systematic reviews mapping algorithmic trends, implementation challenges, and integration opportunities with CFPP operations remain limited. This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of 31 selected articles published between 2019 and 2024 across Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect databases, utilizing the PICOC framework for selection. The analysis shows that LSTM is the most frequently applied model for temporal prediction of flue gas temperature, while Random Forest is widely adopted for estimating NOx emissions. However, most studies are constrained to single-plant datasets, and real-time control system integration is still uncommon. These findings highlight the need for hybrid approaches that emphasize not only predictive accuracy, but also model interpretability via Explainable AI methods such as SHAP, and adaptability across diverse operational conditions. This study advocates future development directions by embedding predictive models within digital twin frameworks to enhance decision-making and optimize system performance sustainably. As such, the review contributes to bridging academic research with practical industrial demands in coal-based energy generation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tino Saputra, Munawar Munawar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Alat Kesehatan pada Poli Gigi Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Mamdani (Studi Kasus: Klinik Pratama Wiwit)
Dental equipment plays a crucial role in supporting the quality of service at the Dental Clinic. At the Pratama Wiwit Clinic, equipment selection is still done manually without systematic analysis, making it prone to procurement errors and budget waste. The main research question is how the Mamdani Fuzzy Method can help determine the best dental equipment based on criteria such as price, brand, warranty, supplier, and equipment degradation. The research method includes data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation, followed by fuzzification, rule formation, fuzzy inference, and defuzzification. Test results show the system provides accurate recommendations with the highest fuzzy value of 0.85 for a device prioritized for procurement. This system has been proven to improve the objectivity and efficiency of the procurement process and can be adopted by other dental clinics to minimize waste and ensure the availability of equipment as needed.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eli Safitri, Dhina Puspasari Wijaya, Andri Pramuntadi, Deden Hardan Gutama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Reputasi Korporat di Tangan Digital: Strategi Komunikasi Efektif untuk Membangun Kepercayaan dan Investasi
This study aims to analyze corporate reputation communication strategies in digital media, focusing on PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (BRI). As digital media develops as the main communication platform, corporate reputation is increasingly shaped by narratives conveyed in cyberspace. The main focus of this study is to explore how digital media influences the formation of BRI's image, as well as how these perceptions can influence investment decisions, both by individual and institutional investors. The online news articles analyzed cover topics such as BRI's commitment to financial inclusion, the bank's digital transformation, and its contribution to supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The results of the study show that digital media plays a very important role in framing BRI's reputation, with an emphasis on the values of innovation, sustainability, and corporate social responsibility. The elements of reputation identified in this study include strong financial performance, successful digital transformation, and the ability to manage and support MSMEs. These elements have proven to be key factors in building investor confidence, which in turn plays an important role in influencing market perceptions of BRI. This study makes an important contribution to understanding how digital communication strategies can be used to manage corporate reputation amid the challenges and advances of information technology, as well as their impact on investor behavior in the capital market.
Copyright (c) 2026 Praditya Fadhlurahman Rafi, Fitria Ayuningtyas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengembangan Aplikasi Penjualan dan Persediaan Barang Berbasis Web Menggunakan Laravel 10 dan Bootstrap 5 untuk Mengoptimalkan Manajemen di Toko Rahmat Jaya
Rahmat Jaya Store is a retail business that provides daily necessities but still relies on manual service processes, which are prone to errors, time-consuming, and generate inaccurate reports. This study aims to design and develop a web-based application to support sales processes, inventory management, and customer debt tracking using the Laravel 10 framework and Bootstrap 5. The development follows the waterfall method, starting with requirements analysis through interviews with the store owner and staff, system design using use case diagrams and flowcharts, implementation with the MVC architecture, and testing using black box methods and end-user evaluations. The implementation results show that the system can improve transaction recording efficiency by up to 40%, reduce stock report errors by 70%, and provide more accurate and real-time financial reports. The integrated debt book feature also helps store owners monitor customer receivables systematically and enhances customer satisfaction. Overall, this application demonstrates that web-based information systems can be an effective solution to support the digital transformation of small retail stores by improving operational efficiency, data accuracy, and decision-making. The application is expected to serve as a model for implementing information technology in small-scale retail businesses transitioning from manual to digital systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ulya Nuruddhafirah, Sarini Vita Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Metakomunikasi dalam Relasi Kepentingan Korporasi dan Politik: Studi Kasus Partai Perindo
The nexus between corporations and politics in Indonesia is often characterized by the transformation of economic dominance into political influence, which risks undermining democratic principles. This study examines how metacommunication is strategically employed to establish legitimacy, shape public perception, and reinforce power relations between the Perindo Party and the MNC Group, its affiliated media conglomerate. The research aims to analyze the role of metacommunication in Perindo’s political strategy and its broader implications for Indonesian democracy. Using a qualitative case study approach, the study applies critical discourse analysis to the MNC Group’s media content alongside symbolic interpretation of Perindo’s political communication. Findings indicate that metacommunication through implicit messaging, symbolic repetition such as the “Mars Perindo” slogan, and nonverbal leadership imagery functions as an effective tool in projecting a pro-people image. However, the commodification of content, audiences, and media workers illustrates a shift of media from a public sphere to a personal political instrument, reinforcing media oligarchy and generating a democratic deficit. A parallel analysis of the 2025 SOE Law further demonstrates how metacommunicative framing produces divergent interpretations: the government presents it as efficiency-driven reform, while civil society perceives it as a threat to accountability. The study concludes that while metacommunication is a powerful strategy in corporate-political relations, it simultaneously exacerbates democratic vulnerabilities. Strengthening transparency, independent oversight, and regulatory frameworks is essential to safeguard accountability and democratic integrity in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alfan Bachtiar, Rezzi Nanda Barizki, Misnan Misnan, Iswahyu Pranawukir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kang Dedi Mulyadi Populist Communication and Its Impact on Local Leadership Perception
This study investigates how Kang Dedi Mulyadi (KDM) populist communication style influences public perceptions of local leadership in West Java. Through qualitative literature review, the research synthesizes insights from scholarly works, media analyses, and contextual sources to explore symbolic, cultural, and emotional dimensions of KDM leadership communication. Findings reveal that his use of Sundanese cultural codes, informal language, and direct grassroots engagement constructs an image of authenticity, empathy, and accessibility—enhancing short-term legitimacy while fostering strong emotional connections with constituents. Digital platforms amplify his persona by transforming political communication into viral, emotionally resonant storytelling that bridges the gap between elite governance and everyday citizens. Nevertheless, the research identifies critical concerns regarding sustainability of leadership models built primarily on symbolic action and performative gestures. While KDM communication resonates strongly with grassroots communities and redefines leadership legitimacy, it risks overshadowing institutional reform, policy depth, and governance sustainability. Such duality reveals the ambivalent nature of populist-local leadership in Indonesia: effective in mobilizing trust and visibility, yet vulnerable when not embedded within structural accountability and participatory governance frameworks
Copyright (c) 2026 Marlita Dilian, Lisvia Dianty Oktavia, Tiffany Shafa Fariskha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Menghadapi Badai Digital: Media Sosial dan Keberhasilan Manajemen Krisis Dough Lab
This study analyzes the role of social media in reputation crisis management at Dough Lab following a viral incident related to product cleanliness that damaged the company’s image. The case began with a viral video showing a rat in a Dough Lab store, which spread widely on social media and tarnished the company’s reputation. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, this research explores how Dough Lab utilized social media to respond to the crisis, provide clarification, and restore its reputation. Data were collected through content analysis of official statements on social media and responses from netizens. The findings show that quick response, transparency, and open communication played a crucial role in mitigating the crisis, improving the company’s image, and accelerating reputation recovery through social media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bintang Ramasalsa Indrabudi, Fitria Ayuningtyas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kapitalisme dalam Industri Media TikTok: Komodifikasi “Keranjang Kuning” terhadap Produksi Konten
This study examines how capitalism operates within the TikTok platform through the commodification of content creators, specifically via the yellow cart feature. Using a descriptive qualitative method based on literature review, data were gathered from academic articles, books, and relevant reports. The findings reveal that the yellow cart functions as a direct monetization channel, incentivizing creators to embed affiliate products into their content. This mechanism shifts creators' motivations from self-expression to market-oriented goals. TikTok’s algorithm amplifies such content by increasing the visibility of videos containing affiliate links, thereby reinforcing a rapid cycle of production and consumption driven by profit. This has led to a measurable behavioral shift: creators prioritize promotional content over originality, and audiences are increasingly exposed to embedded commercial messages. The study concludes that TikTok serves as an effective vehicle of digital capitalism, reshaping the creator economy and contributing to content homogenization. The practical implication highlights the need for critical digital literacy to navigate platform-driven economic incentives and algorithmic influence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syifaul Qolbiyah, Salsabil Fadilah Firdaus, Wildana Ulfa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Nutrisi Masa Kehamilan Menggunakan Metode Analitycal Hierarcy Process (AHP)
Many pregnant women still neglect the importance of nutrition during pregnancy, which leads to inadequate nutrient intake and increases the risk of complications such as miscarriage, low birth weight, premature birth, or infant mortality. At Gamping 1 Health Center in 2024, out of 1,793 pregnant women examined, approximately 3.35% or 60 individuals suffered from Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and 4.96% or 89 individuals experienced anemia. The method used is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) because it is one of the approaches that can break down complex multi-factor or multi-criteria problems into a hierarchy. Practically, this system can help pregnant women meet their daily nutritional needs optimally and support healthcare workers in providing data-based education. Thus, this DSS is expected to contribute to reducing the rates of CED and anemia among pregnant women.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shella Yusnita, Dhina Puspasari Wijaya, Ahmad Subhan Yazid, Andri Pramuntadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Sentimen Review Film Indonesia Berdasarkan Rentang Usia dengan Simple Moving Average untuk Optimasi Sistem Rekomendasi
The rapid growth of the Indonesian film industry has increased the number of audience reviews across various digital platforms. However, existing film recommendation systems remain general and do not consider demographic factors, particularly the age range of viewers. This study aims to analyze the sentiment of Indonesian film reviews based on audience age categories in order to optimize film recommendation systems. Primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to respondents aged 13–30 years, supported by additional review data from social media and online platforms. The method applied is sentiment analysis combined with Simple Moving Average (SMA). The integration of age-based sentiment analysis with SMA has been shown to improve the accuracy and relevance of film recommendation systems. This study provides implications for streaming platform developers and film producers to consider age segmentation in distribution, promotion strategies, and quality improvement within the Indonesian film industry.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Lestari, Wealty Sweet Charollyn Pasaribu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimalisasi Peringkasan Artikel Teks Bahasa Indonesia dengan Kombinasi TextRank dan Graph Neural Network Sederhana
The delivery of digital information in Indonesian-language news presents challenges in efficiently capturing the core information. This study proposes a combination of the TextRank algorithm and a simple Graph Neural Network (GNN) to improve the quality of automatic text summarization. TextRank is used to construct a sentence graph based on TF-IDF similarity and cosine similarity, followed by training a SimpleGNN model to optimize sentence scores. Evaluations were conducted on 1,000 articles from the Liputan6 dataset using the ROUGE metric (ROUGE-1, ROUGE-2, and ROUGE-L). The results show that this combined method improves performance compared to pure TextRank, especially in capturing semantic relationships between sentences. This study demonstrates that the integration of a simple GNN can enrich representations in graphs and provide more informative and contextual summaries.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Rifqis Syatria, Dadang Iskandar Mulyana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Media Digital Instagram Coffee Shop Bata Mera Coffee & Cascara dalam Meningkatkan Loyalitas Konsumen
Businesses are becoming more competitive in the age of globalization. Consequently, the company will be unable to compete with its rivals if it does not employ an effective marketing plan. Businesses utilize effective communication to remind, educate, and convince consumers about the goods they plan to sell, either directly or indirectly. The data gathered by the researcher includes a description of the scenario from field notes, interview manuscripts, and personal papers. The nature of this study is qualitative and descriptive. This researcher uses a qualitative approach, so in this research it aims to match the phenomenon being studied with the STP (Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning) theory. Thus, it can be concluded that the marketing communication plan implemented by Bata Mera coffee & Cascara is to use Instagram social media promotion by using STP theory to increase consumer loyalty. From various posts, whether it is education related to the mainstay product knowledge of Bata Mera coffee & Cascara or activities that occur in Bata Mera coffee & Cascara.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aldi Renaldy Hadi Putra, Eka Anisa Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Metakomunikasi Politik dalam Proyek Pemindahan Ibu Kota Negara (IKN) Nusantara
The relocation of the State Capital (IKN) from Jakarta to Nusantara is one of the largest strategic projects initiated by the government. This policy is based on the excessive burden on Jakarta and the economic disparity between Java Island and other regions in Indonesia. The remarkably swift legislative process for the IKN Law has created a public perception that speed was prioritized over thorough deliberation, which has the potential to erode public trust. This study aims to reveal the political metacommunication behind the IKN relocation project. The analysis was conducted to uncover the hidden meanings, power dynamics, and underlying intentions behind political statements and actions related to IKN. This research uses a political metacommunications analysis approach, which serves to uncover the "message within the message" conveyed through verbal and non-verbal cues. The analysis was performed on the official government narrative, public counter-narratives and criticism, and the role of the media in the IKN metacommunication landscape. The findings indicate that the official government narrative attempts to frame IKN as a symbol of progress, equity, and unity, reinforced by the use of symbols like "Nusantara" and "Pohon Hayat". However, this narrative is confronted by a strong counter-narrative from civil society and academics who highlight the rushed legislative process, environmental impacts, and financial ambiguities. These implicit messages point to a "democratic deficit" and "financial vulnerability". The role of the media and social media dynamics also contributes to reinforcing these competing narratives. In conclusion, the legitimacy of the IKN project does not solely depend on the grand vision and physical development, but also on the complex interaction between explicit and implicit messages. The project's success will be determined by the government's ability to align its rhetoric with its actions, building genuine trust and accountability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Agus Hitopa Sukma, Irzan Soepriyadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Assessing the Effectiveness of COBIT Implementation in Improving IT Operational Performance in Indonesian Enterprises
The impact of COBIT implementation on IT operational efficiency, using a mixed- method approach that focuses on quantitative analysis. A total of 387 valid respondents were obtained through stratified random sampling targeting IT professionals from various industry sectors. This study measured improvements in cost reduction, service response time improvement, and security incident reduction. The results indicate that COBIT implementation significantly correlates with an average operational cost reduction of 28.5%, a 34.2% improvement in service response time, and a 41.7% decrease in security incidents. Organizations with a higher COBIT maturity level (Level 4-5) showed better performance compared to Level 2-3. The DSS domain had the highest impact on efficiency (r = 0.847). The developed predictive model explains 74.3% of the variance in operational efficiency. This research offer practical insights for organizations aiming to enhance IT performance through structured governance. The study provides actionable recommendations, including prioritizing DSS processes, conducting maturity assessments, and adopting phased implementation strategies to optimize COBIT adoption.
Copyright (c) 2026 Komang Agus Putra Kardiyasa, Anak Agung Adi Wiryya Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Penerapan SMOTE dan XGBoost untuk Klasifikasi Penyakit Ginjal Kronis pada Data yang Tidak Seimbang
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue that requires accurate diagnosis to prevent errors and unwanted side effects. This study aims to develop a reliable classification model using the XGBoost algorithm and to explore the effectiveness of the SMOTE method in addressing data imbalance. The dataset is sourced from the UCI Machine Learning Repository, consisting of 400 patient records with 25 attributes. The results indicate that the developed model performs well, with evaluation metrics (Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, and AUC-ROC) nearing 1.0. The research findings reveal that the model without SMOTE is slightly superior, achieving an accuracy of 0.9874 compared to 0.9811 for the model with SMOTE. Analysis shows that the data imbalance is not significant, and XGBoost is resilient to unbalanced data. This study also identifies key factors influencing CKD diagnosis, such as hemoglobin and albumin, which can assist medical professionals in making more accurate diagnoses.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ghufron Syifa, Nadia Anissa Maori, Adi Sucipto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Optimasi Hyperparameter Random Forest terhadap Akurasi Prediksi Magnitudo Gempa Bumi Berdasarkan Hasil Klasterisasi DBSCAN
Indonesia is a country with high seismic activity due to its location at the convergence of three major tectonic plates. This condition creates a strong need for earthquake pattern analysis and magnitude prediction to support disaster mitigation. This study aims to cluster earthquake data using the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm and to predict earthquake magnitude using the Random Forest algorithm optimized through hyperparameter tuning. The Indonesian earthquake dataset was obtained from Kaggle with a total of 92,887 valid entries. The DBSCAN clustering results revealed several active seismic zones, particularly in Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and Papua. The comparison of R² between the Baseline Random Forest and the Tuned Random Forest shows a significant improvement after the parameter tuning process. The Tuned Random Forest model achieves an R² value of 0.478, which is higher than the Baseline Random Forest's 0.442. This indicates that the tuned model is better able to explain the variance in the data and provides more accurate predictions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizky Dwi Prasetyo, Nadia Anissa Maori, Akhmad Khanif Zyen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Adaptasi Mahasiswa terhadap Teknologi Artificial Intelligence dalam Komunikasi Pendidikan: Studi Kasus Perguruan Tinggi di Lampung
This study aims to explore how students adapt their communication in utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the educational context, and to examine its impact on interpersonal communication, academic integrity, digital literacy, and readiness for the workforce. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, using data collected through a Google Form questionnaire completed by 105 student respondents. The data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns in student experiences. The findings reveal that 96,2% of students felt AI helped them understand course material more efficiently, while 61% acknowledged the potential threat to academic honesty. Additionally, 85% reported that AI improved their digital literacy and preparedness for a technology-driven work environment. Ethical challenges, such as dependency and violations of academic integrity, emerged as major concerns. In conclusion, AI holds significant potential to support learning, but its use must be accompanied by ethical awareness and effective communication within the educational environment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad ‘Afief Esyarito, Nina Yudha Aryanti, Nanda Utaridah, Tina Kartika, Purwanto Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Media Hegemony and Political Scandal: The Narrative of Ridwan Kamil Alleged Affair in the Vortex of Power
In the realm of politics, scandals involving public figures often attract significant attention, especially when reported by the media. One major scandal that once stirred public discourse was the alleged affair involving Ridwan Kamil. The media plays a crucial role in shaping public perception of political figures, often through news reporting constructed with specific narratives. This study aims to explore how the media constructs narratives surrounding the alleged affair of Ridwan Kamil, and how it utilises its influence to shape public opinion and reinforce power structures through such reporting. Using Antonio Gramsci’s theory of hegemony, this research analyses how major Indonesian media outlets, such as Kompas.com, Detik.com, and CNN Indonesia, presented news coverage of this scandal. It also examines how the media frames the news in ways that influence the public’s perception of Ridwan Kamil and his political standing. The method employed is discourse analysis, focusing on the texts and narratives built by the media. This research not only investigates what is reported but also how the reporting itself constructs public perception and discourse. The findings reveal that scandals related to personal morality have significant destructive potential, as Indonesian society still views political leaders as moral figures. The clear polarisation of public opinion in Ridwan Kamil’s case is not solely caused by the content of the news but also by the selective consumption of information facilitated by social media algorithms. This study also identifies character assassination as a political communication strategy used to damage reputations by attacking personal aspects. Ideological bias in media coverage aligns with Herman and Chomsky’s propaganda model, where the media serves the interests of capital owners and those in power.
Copyright (c) 2026 Amin Aminudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0